Microvascular angina is the most common angina pectoris. The patient has evidence of myocardial ischemia on ECG (left figure), but the appearance of the coronary artery is normal during the cardiac catheterization (left figure). In most cases, microvascular angina is caused by dysfunction of small branches of the coronary artery. These small blood vessels do not dilate normally, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle. Patients with this disease are extremely sensitive to myocardial pain.

     Microvascular angina is more common in women (usually postmenopausal women) than in men. Microvascular angina is caused by the dysfunction of the arterioles in the heart, which is mainly related to insulin resistance, inflammation, increased adrenaline activity, estrogen deficiency and autonomic nervous disorder. Although the risk of severe acute coronary syndrome caused by microvascular angina is low, frequent chest pain is an intolerable problem for patients.

     The clinical treatment includes β blockers, calcium channel blockers, sublingual nitroglycerin, which can usually relieve the acute angina pectoris of microvascular angina pectoris, but nitroglycerin can cause headache and hypotension. Our innovative product AMZ004 selectively dilates coronary artery without reducing blood pressure, which is superior to existing drugs. It will provide new drug treatment options for patients with microvascular angina pectoris.

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